S all history informs us, there has been in every State & Kingdom a constant kind of warfare between the governing & governed: the one striving to obtain more for its support, and the other to pay less. From the first individual… who was sacrificed on an altar for the good of the tribe, to the heretics and dissenters burned at the stake for the good of the populace or the glory of God, to the millions exterminated in… slave-labor camps for the good of the race or of the proletariat, it is this (collectivist) morality that has served as justification for every dictatorship and every atrocity, past or present. It is a strange paradox of our history that this doctrine - which tells us to regard ourselves, in effect, as sacrificial animals - has been generally accepted as a doctrine representing benevolence and love for humankind. With such (collectivist) systems, the individual has always been a victim, twisted against him or herself and commanded to be “unselfish” in sacrificial service to some allegedly higher value called God or pharaoh or emperor or king or society or the state or the race or the proletariat - or the cosmos. It is remarkable that the Ethiopian Kings Zerah and so mentioned in the Bible are not styled Pharaohs, like the Egyptian rulers, as if for some reason they had not the same title or were recognized as lawful rulers of the country. and Uah-pa-ra, Hophra or Apries, of the twenty-sixth dynasty, who marched to relieve the siege of Jerusalem, causing the Babylonians to retire for a while, although it was finally taken by Nebuchadnezzar, 588 B.C. The other Pharaohs mentioned in the Bible are the father of Hadad the Edomite, supposed to be a king of the twenty-second dynasty the father-in-law of Solomon one of the predecessors of Sheshanka or Shishak that monarch himself, who overran the Holy Land and pillaged Jerusalem Tirhakah the Ethiopian, who for a time wrested Egypt from the Assyrians Nekau or Necho II., who invaded Palestine to reduce it to subjection, then in alliance with the Assyrians, but was finally defeated at Carchemish by Nebuchadnezzar, then at a youthful age, 605 B.C. The identical Egyptian monarch who was the Pharaoh of the Exodus has been a subject of dispute, but it is principally confined to the period of the eighteenth and nineteenth dynasties.
Pharaoh is the one under whom the Israelites were in bondage, and who compelled them to build the treasure-cities of Pithom and Rameses of bricks and it was under him or his successor that Egypt was afflicted with the ten plagues, and that Moses and Aaron led the Israelites out of Egypt, and the Egyptian army in its pursuit of the retreating Israelites was drowned in the sea, although it is doubtful if Pharaoh perished with them. It is still less possible to connect it with the name of any Egyptian monarch, and it must have been a common appellation like khan, cæsar, or czar. The term applied in the Bible to the kings of Egypt, of which many explanations have been proposed, as pa-ra, “the sun ” pi-ouro, “the king ” per-aa, “the great house,” “court ” pa-ra-anh, or “the living sun.” None of these etymologies are altogether satisfactory, some not being found at an early period.
Military Dictionary and Gazetteer (0.00 / 0 votes) Rate this definition: